An analysis of the MBKM curriculum’s effectiveness in enhancing human resource quality and student competencies in Indonesia

The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kemendikbudristek) introduced Indonesia’s Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) curriculum as a breakthrough to elevate the quality of education and prepare students for the workforce. The curriculum grants students the flexibility to study beyond their primary field and pursue internships or projects with external industries. However, the implementation of